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Phylogenetic analysis of ganodermahas begun to better differentiate between many closely related species of ganoderma; As with the Common Reishi, Hemlock Varnish Shelf extract appears to be immunomodulatory - meaning that it will adjust the immune system up or down depending on what is needed. It helps strengthen a weak immune system, but will calm an over-active immune system in cases of inflammation or autoimmune conditions.

In the case of extracting the polysaccharides in ganoderma tsugae, a hot water extraction or tea can be very effective; however, to best extract the triterpenoids present in G. tsugae it is best to use an alcohol or alcohol/glycerin extraction method. Cap: 5-30 cm; at first irregularly knobby or elongated, but by maturity more or less fan-shaped; with a shiny, varnished surface often roughly arranged into lumpy "zones"; red to reddish brown when mature; when young often with zones of bright yellow and white toward the margin; occasionally with bluish tints. Pore Surface: White, becoming dingy brownish in age; usually bruising brown; 4-6 tiny (nearly invisible to the naked eye) circular pores per mm; tubes to 2 cm deep. Spore Print: Brown.

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Ecology: Saprobic on decaying conifer logs and stumps (especially hemlock wood); growing alone or in groups; annual; producing "a soft wet whitish or straw-colored cellulose-destroying decay of the wood" when young, and later a "network of cracks filled with white mycelium" with "numerous black dots throughout the wood" widely distributed in North America.

One of the most novel uses of Hemlock Varnish Shelf is as a skin substitute during wound healing. The skin substitute material, commercially sold as Sacchachitin, has been proven in numerous studies to promote and speed up skin healing. It has been observed that "rapid wound healing" takes place when covered by Sacchachitin as compared to regular gauze. Hemlock Varnish Shelf (ganoderma tsugae) is the local variety of Reishi for eastern United States. It is common on Hemlock trees throughout the Appalachian range.