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Phylogenetic analysis of ganodermahas begun to better differentiate between many closely related species of ganoderma; Much of the therapeutic benefits are the same as those of the Common Reishi (ganoderma lucidum), which is the oldest used medicinal mushroom in Traditional Chinese Medicine with a 2,000 year history. Cap: 5-30 cm; at first irregularly knobby or elongated, but by maturity more or less fan-shaped; with a shiny, varnished surface often roughly arranged into lumpy "zones"; red to reddish brown when mature; when young often with zones of bright yellow and white toward the margin; occasionally with bluish tints.

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This mushroom is closely related to ganoderma lucidum and is virtually indistinguishable from that species. However, ganoderma tsugae is partial to conifers--especially hemlock. Phylogenetic analysis of ganodermahas begun to better differentiate between many closely related species of ganoderma; Hemlock Varnish Shelf (ganoderma tsugae) is the local variety of Reishi for eastern United States. It is common on Hemlock trees throughout the Appalachian range. Stem: Sometimes absent, but more commonly present; 3-14 cm long; up to 3 cm thick; twisted; equal or irregular; varnished and colored like the cap; often distinctively angled away from one side of the cap.

ganoderma lucidum is found on hardwood stumps and logs (very rarely on conifers), and has brownish flesh. ganoderma oregonense is a conifer lover of the Pacific Northwest and New Mexico; it has larger spores and a much larger fruiting body (up to one meter across!). Ecology: Saprobic on decaying conifer logs and stumps (especially hemlock wood); growing alone or in groups; annual; producing "a soft wet whitish or straw-colored cellulose-destroying decay of the wood" when young, and later a "network of cracks filled with white mycelium" with "numerous black dots throughout the wood" widely distributed in North America. Microscopic Features: Spores 9-11 x 6-8; more or less elliptical, sometimes with a truncated end; usually appearing roughened even at lower magnifications. This mushroom is closely related to ganoderma lucidum and is virtually indistinguishable from that species. However, ganoderma tsugae is partial to conifers--especially hemlock.