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Ganoderma lucidum is found on hardwood stumps and logs (very rarely on conifers), and has brownish flesh. Ganoderma oregonense is a conifer lover of the Pacific Northwest and New Mexico; it has larger spores and a much larger fruiting body (up to one meter across!). Hemlock Varnish Shelf (Ganoderma tsugae) is the local variety of Reishi for eastern United States. It is common on Hemlock trees throughout the Appalachian range. Ganoderma tsugae, also known as Hemlock varnish shelf, is a flat polypore mushroom of the genus Ganoderma. Pore Surface: White, becoming dingy brownish in age; usually bruising brown; 4-6 tiny (nearly invisible to the naked eye) circular pores per mm; tubes to 2 cm deep. One of the most novel uses of Hemlock Varnish Shelf is as a skin substitute during wound healing. The skin substitute material, commercially sold as Sacchachitin, has been proven in numerous studies to promote and speed up skin healing. It has been observed that "rapid wound healing" takes place when covered by Sacchachitin as compared to regular gauze.

Microscopic Features: Spores 9-11 x 6-8; more or less elliptical, sometimes with a truncated end; usually appearing roughened even at lower magnifications. With Ganoderma there is still an ongoing scientific debate as to which species of Ganoderma have the most medicinal properties. One study conducted in 2004 found Hemlock Varnish Shelf extract to posses liver protective properties and be anti-fibrotic.

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A 1995 DNA study of Ganoderma (Moncalvo, Wang & Hseu) found that worldwide collections of Ganoderma tsugae may not be genetically compatible. Flesh: Whitish; fairly soft when young, but soon tough. This mushroom is closely related to Ganoderma lucidum and is virtually indistinguishable from that species. However, Ganoderma tsugae is partial to conifers--especially hemlock.

The study applied several DNA techniques and found that, while Ganoderma tsugae and Ganoderma lucidum do appear to separate with some methods, the picture is unclear enough that further study is required before reliable conclusions can be drawn. Commercially cultivated in Taiwan and exported to mainland China as a medicinal mushroom, Hemlock Reishi has traditionally been used in Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, particularly asthma and autoimmune conditions. With Ganoderma there is still an ongoing scientific debate as to which species of Ganoderma have the most medicinal properties. A "wound area covered by SACCHACHITIN completely healed by 21 days, while that covered with cotton gauze did not."